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Macular Degeneration
Macular Degeneration
What is macular degeneration?
Macular degeneration is the breakdown of the macula. The macula is the small central area in the retina responsible for the fine vision. Deterioration of this area affects both near and far vision. There are two forms of macular degeneration, dry and wet. The dry form is confirmed by the thinning of the macula and deposits known as drusen seen by the ophthalmologist. The wet form is more severe and can lead to irreversible vision loss left untreated. In wet macular degeneration new, weak, abnormal blood vessels grow in the macula. These weak vessels can break, leaking blood or fluid in the retina causing vision changes.
Causes
Macular degeneration is typically seen in older patients and develops as part of the body's natural aging process. The exact cause is unknown, and there is no cure. Some risk factors are thought to contribute to this condition such as smoking and poor dietary nutrition.
Symptoms
- Blurry vision
- Dark or missing areas in the center of vision
- Wavy or distorted vision
Treatment
Vitamins and supplements, although not cures, can aid in slowing down the progression of macular degeneration. Intraocular injection of the chemical vascular endthelial growth factor, reduces the growth of abnormal blood vessels and slowing their leakage. In rare cases laser treatment may be necessary.
